corticosteroid therapy

A 35-year-old female took corticosteroid therapy for several months. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find?

a. Renal toxicity
b. Episodes of hypoglycemia
c. Hypotension
d. Type 2 DM

Question 16

If the patient has a problem with the pineal gland, which substance would the nurse monitor?

a. Melatonin
b. Epinephrine
c. Cortisol
d. Somatostatin

Question 17

A 50-year-old male patient presents with polyuria and extreme thirst. He was given exogenous ADH. For which of the following conditions would this treatment be effective?

a. Neurogenic diabetes insipidus
b. Psychogenic diabetes insipidus
c. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
d. SIADH

Question 18

While planning care for a patient with hypothyroidism, which principle should the nurse remember? The basal metabolic rate is unusually _____ with hypothyroidism.

a. High
b. Low
c. Steady
d. Variable

Question 19

If a patient’s posterior pituitary is removed, which hormone would the nurse expect to decrease?

a. PRF
b. ADH
c. ACTH
d. GH

Question 20

An aide asks the nurse what is the most common cause of elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion. How should the nurse respond?

a. Autoimmune disease
b. Cancer
c. Pregnancy
d. Heart failure

Question 21

What common neurologic disturbances should the nurse assess for in a patient with a pituitary adenoma?

a. Coma
b. Visual disturbances
c. Confused states
d. Breathing abnormalities

Question 22

A 50-year-old female presents with lightheadedness and overall abnormal feelings. Hyperaldosteronism is diagnosed. Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect?

a. Hypovolemia
b. Hypotension
c. Hypokalemia
d. Hyponatremia

Question 23

A 19-year-old female with type 1 DM was admitted to the hospital with the following lab values: serum glucose 500 mg/dl (high), urine glucose and ketones 4+ (high), and arterial pH 7.20 (low). Her parents state that she has been sick with the “flu” for a week. Which of the following statements best explains her acidotic state?

a. Increased insulin levels promote protein breakdown and ketone formation.
b. Her uncontrolled diabetes has led to renal failure.
c. Low serum insulin promotes lipid storage and a corresponding release of ketones.
d. Insulin deficiency promotes lipid metabolism and ketone formation.

Question 24

A 25-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting changes in facial features. CT scan reveals a mass on the anterior pituitary, and lab tests reveal severely elevated growth hormone (GH). Which of the following would the nurse also expect to find?

a. Decreased IGF-1
b. Hypotension
c. Sexual dysfunction
d. Height increases

Question 25

A nurse recalls insulin has an effect on which of the following groups of electrolytes?

a. Sodium, chloride, phosphate
b. Calcium, magnesium, potassium
c. Hydrogen, bicarbonate, chloride
d. Potassium, magnesium, phosphate

Question 26

A 12-year-old female is newly diagnosed with type 1 DM. When the parents ask what causes this, what is the nurse’s best response?

a. A familial, autosomal dominant gene defect
b. Obesity and lack of exercise
c. Immune destruction of the pancreas
d. Hyperglycemia from eating too many sweets

Question 27

When a patient wants to know what most commonly causes hypoparathyroidism, how should the nurse reply? It is most commonly caused by:

a. Pituitary hyposecretion
b. Parathyroid adenoma
c. Parathyroid gland injury
d. Hypothalamic inactivity

Question 28

A 50-year-old male patient is deficient in ADH production.Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect to find?

a. Increased blood volume
b. Increased urine osmolality
c. Increased urine volume
d. Increased arterial vasoconstriction

Question 29

A 30-year-old male was diagnosed with hypothyroidism.Synthesis of which of the following would decrease in this patient?

a. Corticosteroid B globulin
b. Sex hormone-binding globulin
c. Thyroid-binding globulin
d. Albumin

Question 30

A 22-year-old male is admitted to the intensive care unit with a closed head injury sustained in a motorcycle accident. The injury has caused severe damage to the posterior pituitary. Which of the following complications should the nurse anticipate?

a. Dilutional hyponatremia
b. Dehydration from polyuria
c. Cardiac arrest from hyperkalemia
d. Metabolic acidosis