Gain Compliance with the Law
Gain Compliance with the Law
TRUE/FALSE
1. Crime control policies have traditionally relied on external authority, such as law enforcement and punitive sentence, but procedural justice policies seek to cultivate internally based voluntary obligation
2. Where you have lawfulness you always find legitimacy.
3. Domestic violence offenders had lower recidivism rates when they felt they were treated fairly in the criminal justice system.
4. Procedural justice issues appear to contribute to law-abiding behavior in terms of minor offenses but the effect on serious crimes is not yet known.
5. The most important injustices are the visible action of police that involve beat meetings.
6. Research evidence shows the injustice of racial bias in the criminal justice system to be perceived but not real.
7. In response to the overreach of criminal behavior, some have recommended the law be used sparingly and focus on high consensus offenses that cause harm.
8. A lack of consensus over criminal behavior contributes to the appearance of arbitrary law enforcement which can result in cynicism about law enforcement.
9. The practical consequences of making certain behavior illegal include the development of criminal syndicates as well as the possibility of corruption of the criminal justice system.
10. The flawed crime control strategy underlying decriminalization of public order offenses assumes it would give police more time to concentrate on serious crimes.
11. Thirty seven states prohibit sodomy, but the remaining states have decriminalized it.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The ultimate goal of the CJS and other social institutions is to
a.
maintain an orderly society
b.
hold people accountable for their actions
c.
help people adjust to their social environment
d.
maintain the economic and political social order
e.
all of the above
2. The difference between traditional crime control policies and procedural justice policies is
a.
procedural justice policies demand rigorous evidence-based evaluations of their effectiveness whereas traditional crime control policies did not
b.
liberals and conservatives conflicted over traditional crime control policies but are largely in agreement when it comes to procedural justice policies
c.
traditional policies rely on external coercion to get people to obey the law whereas procedural justice policies seek to cultivate voluntary compliance with the law
d.
traditional crime control policies tend to be expensive to implement and subject to evasion by the courtroom workgroup whereas procedural justice policies are not
3. Tyler argues that a critical factor in people’s complying with the law is
a.
they are aware of the law
c.
they understand the consequences
b.
perceived legitimacy of the law
d.
all of the above
4. What is the difference between lawfulness and legitimacy?
a.
the two terms can be used interchangeably
b.
lawfulness refers to liberal policies while legitimacy refers to conservative policies
c.
lawfulness refers to citizens while legitimacy refers to the justice system
d.
lawfulness refers to behavior while legitimacy refers to perception
5. _____(1)_____ involves case outcomes while _____(2)_____ depends on how people feel they were treated.
a.
(1) lawfulness (2) legitimacy
b.
(1) distributive justice (2) procedural justice
c.
(1) legitimacy (2) cumulative disadvantage
d.
(1) procedural justice (2) perception
6. One of the key variables in people’s satisfaction with a system is the sense that
a.
they have an opportunity to participate and express their point of view
b.
it does not rely on coercive authority as a mechanism for gaining compliance
c.
the system promotes the greatest good for the greatest number
d.
the system itself displays lawful behavior
7. In studies of procedural justice, it was found that offenders who perceived they were treated fairly by criminal justice agents
a.
recidivated at a higher rate
c.
were more likely to accept plea negotiations without an attorney
b.
impacted their level of satisfaction and recidivism rates
d.
only committed minor offenses
8. Tyler’s research found that a sense of justice contributes to law-abiding behavior, but a limitation of the study was that he only asked people about what?
a.
juvenile delinquency
c.
domestic violence
b.
victimless crimes
d.
minor offenses
9. The importance of procedural justice in relation to people’s perceptions has been examined in which part(s) of the criminal justice system?
a.
law enforcement
c.
law enforcement and sentencing
b.
trial proceedings
d.
sentencing and reentry
10. Examples of building relations with the community include
a.
domestic violence treatment programs
c.
sex offender notification
b.
community policing and citizen oversight
d.
juries
11. Racial profiling appears to be
a.
perceived by communities and supported by research evidence
b.
compliant as well as lawful with police departments tracking incidents
c.
not conclusively supported by data, but police departments take proactive steps to reduce incidents
d.
the product of unlawful discrimination
12. There is evidence of significant racial disparity in the enforcement of
a.
murder
c.
gambling
b.
burglary
d.
drugs
13. Decriminalization has generally been a _____(1)_____ policy recommendation, but a number of prominent _____(2)_____ now support the legalization of drugs.
a.
(1) conservative (2) liberals
c.
(1) public (2) police chiefs
b.
(1) liberal (2) conservatives
d.
(1) police chief’s (2) liberals
14. Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding decriminalization?
a.
decriminalizing all forms of sports betting has been suggested, but not casino gambling
b.
decriminalizing the purchase, possession and use of cocaine but not marijuana has been suggested
c.
decriminalization of sexual activity between adults and between an adult and a 16 year old has been suggested
d.
decriminalization of public drunkenness has been suggested, but not drunk driving
15. The basic assumption underlying decriminalization is the belief that the criminal law in the United States covers __________ behavior.
a.
the wrong
c.
too much
b.
immoral
d.
old fashioned
16. The overreach of the criminal law has several undesirable consequences including
a.
an overburdened justice system with fewer resources for serious crimes
b.
a lack of public consensus over criminalized behavior
c.
a black market and police corruption
d.
all of the above
e.
none of the above
17. A lack of public consensus over criminalized behavior that results from the overreach of the criminal law relates to
a.
lawfulness
c.
procedural justice
b.
legitimacy
d.
distributive justice
18. Many public health experts believe the problems associated with drinking, gambling and sex should be addressed
a.
as social, psychological and medical problems
b.
through strategies involving threats and coercive authority
c.
by the criminal justice system
d.
these are private choices that should not be addressed by the CJS
