Validity and Reliability of research

Reliability and Validity of research mean to the depth of the outcomes of the study. The results` validity could either be external or internal. Internal validity is defined as the analysis of the preciseness of the achieved results. External validity means analyzing the results in relation to if it is possible to generalize them (Ghauri & Grönhaug 2005). Whereby measurable quantities are utilized, there are various kinds of validity; face, that explains the magnitude to which the measurement deployed is sensible and is able to obtain such measurement, convergent validity, this one explains the depth in to which the utilized measurement may end up with same outcomes if used elsewhere and then divergent validity which explains the degree to that one construct is differentiated from each other (Ghauri & Grönhaug 2005). More so, particularly, four types of the validity of qualitative research is available, and are mostly emphasized upon. They are interpretative, theory-based, descriptive, and can be generalized. Descriptive validity is usually linked to the extent where the real description of the outcomes factual. Interpretative validity is often linked to good interpretation.

Theory-based validity leads to sufficiency that the 39 theory proposed is, for example, if the theory backs up the subject of study. Generalizable validity is known as to which degree the outcomes of the study may be generalized. For example, are the outcomes of this study coherent with those of other organizations in the same category? (Ghauri & Grönhaug 2005). In this study, validity was considered. For instance, since the questionnaire is framed by the researcher, it is constructed on the basis of the researcher’s requirements in relation to the topic of study t and therefore is advantageous in the sense that it measures precisely what the researcher wants to.

The researcher, therefore, does not depend on any other researchers for any data on, for instance, problem areas and significance of the items incorporated in the questionnaire. In addition, also, interpretative, descriptive, and theory-based validity considered. Exhaustive review literature in the areas of study was carried out cautiously before commencement of the research. That made it possible for the theories as well as the questions in the questionnaire to be recognized. Themes as well as theories are well supported by the research findings. Reliability means   the steadiness of the measure utilized to study the correlations between different variables (Ghauri & Grönhaug 2005, 81). The questions in the questionnaire were framed, considering the issues pertaining to the problem and goals of the study and the subject theories. Therefore, it is believed that the answers and results from this study are trustworthy.